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Abstract
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Investigating the diffusion characteristics of leaked crude oil in heterogeneous porous media is crucial for accurately predicting the location of oil leaks from buried pipelines, emergency response, and reducing the hazards of pipeline leakage accidents. In this study, we establish a leakage model for buried oil pipelines in heterogeneous porous media and conduct numerical simulations of multiphase flow in porous media under specific variable conditions based on computational fluid dynamics methods. We investigate the influence of different backfill soil porosities and leakage rates on the diffusion characteristics of crude oil and the variations in the temperature field of heterogeneous porous media after oil diffusion. The results show that under different soil porosity conditions, the process of oil leakage includes an acceleration stage, a transition stage, and a stable stage. When the volume flow rate of leaked oil is constant, the smaller the backfill soil porosity and the greater the leakage rate, the faster the diffusion speed, and the higher the diffusion efficiency in the air, and vice versa. The temperature field of the soil porous media after leakage is not sensitive to changes in backfill soil porosity, and the leakage rate is one of the main factors driving changes in the temperature field.
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