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Abstract
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Microgrids can be used as platforms for the development of renewable energy-based distributed generation (DG) if they have a suitable design and an efficient control system. Microgrids have low inertia because their structure is small and their tolerance for change is low, which makes maintaining voltage and frequency stability difficult, especially in island mode. Unlike power systems, microgrids are primarily powered by inverter-based DG. Although the DG has an efficient control system, the primary energy sources are slow to respond, which makes it impossible for it to maintain the stability of the microgrid on its own. DG, D-STATCOM, and electrical energy storage systems (ESS) are used to develop a multilevel and interactive structure for microgrid frequency and voltage stability. The interactive control system of this microgrid greatly increases its response speed to disturbances. MATLAB has been used to implement and evaluate the proposed structure on a microgrid with two connection modes and an islanding mode. The final goals are as follows: • The D-STATCOM increases reactive power generation in the microgrid by interacting with ESS. This, in turn, maintains the voltage stability of the microgrid. • The power control of DGs is used to investigate microgrid voltage stability and frequency in the presence of renewable units. • It is demonstrated that the microgrid performs well in all operating modes. • It is shown how the control system operates correctly in the event of a severe short circuit in a part of the microgrid and how it maintains the microgrid’s stability after a fault. • As the microgrid transitions from the state of being connected to the main grid to the state of being an island, the control system is shown to maintain voltage and frequency stability. • D-STATCOM improves power quality indicators by maintaining voltage stability and reducing voltage sag. • D-STATCOM is recommended for close loads with rapid changes, such as factories and industrial complexes, and places with sensitive electrical loads, such as hospitals.
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