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Abstract
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In recent years, the local feeding of the required loads in the micro grids has received much attention comparing to the extension of the large fuel-based power plants, which require the development of costly transmission lines. On the other hand, environmental constraints have led to the increasing development of renewable energy sources that can generate electricity in the form of small-scale generation units in micro grids. In this paper, a suitable mixture of the renewable resources including the wind turbines, current type tidal generation units and the photovoltaic systems is integrated to the micro grid connected to the energy storage systems. The proposed micro grid can be installed in the coastal and island regions to supply the required loads. To optimally determine the capacity and the size of the renewable generation units, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to minimize the objective function of the system including the investment, operation and the reliability costs. To calculate the reliability cost of the micro grid, the variable failure rate of the composed components affected by the variation in the air and water temperature, wind speed, tidal current speed and solar radiation is taken into account. The load curtailment of the micro grid is occurred due to the failure of the composed components and the variation in the renewable resources that both are considered in the paper. To examine the effectiveness of the proposed approach, numerical results associated to the planning of a renewable energy-based micro grid considering the reliability cost are given.
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